Vharuvhu yeshavishavi ine mativi matatu

Vharuvhu yemapuruguru ine bias nhatu inonyanya kushandiswa mumaindasitiri emapipeline uko zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvinoiswa pakusimba kwekuvhara uye kugadzikana kwekushanda. Yakakodzera kushandiswa kwenguva refu, kuvhura nekuvhara kakawanda, kana shanduko huru mumamiriro ekushanda. Rudzi urwu rwevharuvhu runoshandisa chimiro chesimbi che bias chetatu-dimensional. Munguva yekuvhura nekuvhara, plate yemapuruguru inofamba nenzira yakatarwa, uye hapana kubatana kuri pakati payo nechigaro chevharuvhu. Izvi zvinoderedza kupfeka kwenzvimbo dzekuvhara kubva pamaonero echimiro.
Mukushanda chaiko, pureti yemapuruguru inongosangana nechigaro chevharuvhu padanho rekupedzisira rekuvharwa kwevharuvhu. Munguva yekuvharwa, pureti yemapuruguru inonamatira zvishoma nezvishoma kuchigaro chevharuvhu yesimbi kuti igadzire chisimbiso, pane kuti isvike pakuvharwa nekumanikidzwa ipapo ipapo. Nzira iyi yekuvhara inofambira mberi ine simba diki pamamiriro ekuvhara mushure mekuvhurika nekuvharwa kakawanda, izvo zvinobatsira kuchengetedza kushanda kwakasimba kwevharuvhu kwenguva yakareba yekushanda. Rudzi urwu rwevharuvhu yemapuruguru ine bias nhatu runonyanya kushandiswa mumasisitimu emapipeline epakati nepakuru. Madhayamita akajairika anowanzo bva paDN50 kusvika kuDN600, anoenderana neanenge 2″ kusvika 24″ muhukuru hwehumambo. Panyaya yekumanikidzwa, inogona kushandiswa mumamiriro ekushanda eClass 150 kusvika kuClass 2500, ichizadzisa zvinodiwa zvemapipeline eindasitiri akajairika pamwe nemasisitimu ekumanikidza akakwira.
Zvinhu zvemuviri wevharuvhu zvinowanzosarudzwa zvichienderana nehunhu hwepakati, kumanikidzwa kwekushanda uye mamiriro ekupisa. Mumamiriro ekushanda akajairwa, A105, LF2 nezvimwe zvinhu zvesimbi zvakagadzirwa zvinogona kushandiswa; mukushandiswa kunoda tembiricha yakakwira kana kuramba kumanikidzwa, F11, F22 nedzimwe simbi dze alloy dzinogona kusarudzwa; kana simbi yacho ichiora kana iine zvinodiwa zvekuchena kwezvinhu, simbi isina ngura kana nickel-based alloys dzakadai seHastelloy C-276 neInconel 718 dzinogonawo kushandiswa. Kurongeka kwezvinhu kunogona kugadziriswa zvichienderana nemamiriro ekushanda kweprojekiti. Vharuvhu iyi inowanzo batanidzwa neflange. Zviyero zvekubatanidza uye zviyero zvinogona kuitwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvakafanana seASME neEN, izvo zviri nyore kuisa pamwe chete nehurongwa hwepipeline huripo. Panyaya yekushanda, dhayamita diki inogona kushandiswa nemaoko; sezvo dhayamita ichiwedzera, giya remagetsi rinowanzo gadziriswa, uye ma actuator epneumatic kana electric anogonawo kusarudzwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekudzora.
Kupisa kwevharuvhu kunoenderana nekusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvemuviri wevharuvhu uye chimiro chesimbi chinovhara. Nekusarudza mhando yakakodzera, inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekushandiswa mumamiriro akasiyana ekupisa. Mumaindasitiri akadai sepetroleum, chemical engineering, simba, metallurgy, uye mabasa everuzhinji, rudzi urwu rwevharuvhu nhatu dzisina kusimba dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya kudzora kudzima kana kudzima kwechinhu chacho. Nekuda kwekushaikwa kwekukakavadzana kuripo pakati penzvimbo dzinovhara panguva yekuvhura nekuvhara, vharuvhu haishande zvakanyanya kwenguva yakareba, izvo zvinobatsira kuderedza nguva yekuchengetedza uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwese hwebasa.